What is your motivation behind visiting the Sabah region of Borneo? You might seek adventure, relaxation or culture – they’re all here! Or perhaps you are intrigued by the natural world and want to experience the stunning and unique habitats and wildlife that the island has in abundance. The ways that you can encounter wildlife in Borneo are as varied as the types of wildlife themselves. With expeditions through treetops, jungle trails, on the river, and under the ocean, there’s the chance to spot some rare and unusual species. We’ll look at all the different types of expedition you might enjoy and the wildlife to look out for.
A wildlife lover’s paradise
Borneo is actually the third largest island in the world, and is politically divided among Malaysia, Indonesia, and Brunei. Its landscapes are nothing short of magical, with ancient, lush rainforests, pristine mountain ranges, vibrant coral reefs, and winding rivers teeming with life. With such varied ecosystems, it’s no surprise that Borneo is home to over 15,000 plant species, hundreds of mammals, and thousands of bird species, not to mention its incredible marine biodiversity.
The island is also a global hotspot for conservation efforts, focusing on preserving endangered species like Orangutans and Bornean Pygmy Elephants. For eco-conscious travellers, every trip to Borneo is both an inspiring adventure and an opportunity to contribute to the island’s sustainability.
Where to explore in Sabah
The region of Sabah in particular is incredibly rich in variety when it comes to choosing a wildlife expedition. Whichever parts of the natural world you’re most excited to see, the expert guides at Borneo Dream work their hardest to make your expedition a once in a lifetime experience. These are our top places to start:
The Kinabatangan River
With riverbanks leading into the jungle, and not to mention the water itself, the Kinabatangan River is a top location for wildlife diversity. Whether you stick to the river with a half day cruise or immerse yourself in the ecosystem with a 3 day retreat within the Kinabatangan Wildlife Sanctuary, you’re in a prime position.
Species to Spot:
- Proboscis Monkeys – These quirky, long-nosed primates are endemic to Borneo.
- Bornean Pygmy Elephants – The smallest elephant species in the world often cool down in the river.
- Hornbills – Iconic birds often seen nesting in the forest canopy.
- Saltwater Crocodiles – Glimpses of them can be seen basking by the riverbanks.
Our tip for wildlife spotting is to explore at dawn or dusk—you’ll be amazed by the wealth of wildlife that emerges when the river is at its most tranquil.
Ancient Rainforests
Borneo’s rainforests are among the oldest in the world and offer unparalleled trekking opportunities. The Danum Valley Conservation Area is a key destination for wildlife seekers, because of its pristine conditions and incredible biodiversity. Borneo Dream’s rainforest tours allow you to be up close and personal with a half day at the Orangutan rehabilitation centre. Or take to the trees and explore the canopy over three or more days.
Species to Spot:
- Orangutans – Beautiful, peaceful, and protected, these Bornean icons are one of the main highlights for visitors.
- Clouded Leopards – Among the rarest big cats, this elusive species is occasionally spotted in remote areas.
- Rafflesia – The world’s largest flower, which emits a distinctive odour to attract pollinators.
- Flying Lemurs and Gliders – Look up for these arboreal acrobats during night walks.
Trekking through the jungle with a knowledgeable guide is critical for spotting these often camouflaged creatures.
Mountain Adventures
If you like to get a cardio workout on your excursions, head to Mount Kinabalu, Southeast Asia’s tallest peak at 4,095m. Its slopes are a UNESCO World Heritage site and home to thousands of species. Not to mention its unique flora and fauna. Alternatively, with a lower summit but more challenging terrain, Mount Trus Madi is situated in a forest reserve. It will reward your efforts with unrivalled and unique flora.
Species to Spot:
- Mountain Tree Frogs – Found in high altitude streams.
- Nepenthes Macrophylla – These pitcher plants are carnivorous plants endemic to the region.
- Kinabalu Giant Earthworm – This unusual species can grow up to 70cm long.
Trekking Mount Kinabalu or Mount Trus Madi isn’t just about the wildlife. Reaching the summit offers breathtaking views across the island, and the climb is a personal accomplishment.
Diving and Coral Reefs
For those who prefer exploring under water, consider a scuba diving or snorkelling excursion. This gives you the best chance of spotting elusive sea life. If you’re new to diving, why not learn with our RAID 3 day open water course, encountering tropical biodiversity while you do it? Experienced divers might prefer to choose a series of leisure dives within the Tunku Abdul Rahman Marine Park in search of wonders under the waves.
Species to Spot:
- Green and Hawksbill Turtles – These amazing creatures nest within the nearby sanctuary of Turtle Island Park.
- Whale Sharks – You might catch a glimpse of a gentle giant occasionally passing through.
- Barracudas and Reef Sharks – A thrilling sight for divers.
- Mandarinfish – Tiny, vibrant fish often spotted during night dives.
For learners and the experienced alike, Borneo’s warm waters and calm conditions make it an ideal location for divers all year round.
Rarest Species in Borneo
Borneo offers the chance to spot a plethora of amazing creatures, and conditions need to be right to see most of them. There are several species which are critically endangered and even harder to see.
- Sunda Pangolin – This critically endangered mammal is a master of camouflage, often seen at night.
- Bornean Sun Bear – Protected at the Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Centre, these are the smallest and most tree dwelling of bear species.
- Bornean Flat-headed Frog – Remarkable for being completely lungless, it breathes through its skin.
- Bornean Horned Frog – You might hear the bellowing call of this rare amphibian before you see it!
Borneo Dream’s wildlife tours combine adventure, education, and conservation. Each trek through the jungle or glide along the rivers not only brings you closer to nature but also contributes to protecting it. We stand by the principle of “take only photographs and leave only footprints”, endeavouring to provide our travellers with uplifting and thrilling wildlife encounters. Contact us to create your next experience.