The Island of Borneo is the third largest island in the world. It is split between three countries - Malaysia, Indonesia and Brunei and the island is famous for the indigenous animals and birds that live here and the amazing plant species that can be found in the rainforest areas.

Sabah makes up the northern part of the Island. It is the second largest state in Malaysia and covers an area of 7,619 square km. Another Malaysian state, Sarawak is to the south-west and Kalimantan in Indonesia to the south. Sabah’s coastline is over 1440km with the South China Sea to the north-west, the Sulu Sea to the north-east and the Sulawesi Sea to the south-east.

There is a lot of conservation work done locally and there are a number of parks and reserves here to try to preserve the unique ecology of Sabah.

The Kinabalu National Park was designated a World Heritage site by UNESCO in December 2000 for it’s ‘outstanding universal values’ as one of the most important biological sites in the world. This is mainly due to the unique flora and fauna which are a result of the 4 different climate zones within the same area. Other areas which have also been designated for protection include the Crocker Range Park, Danum Valley Protection Forest Reserve, Tabin Wildlife Reserve, Kulamba Wildlife Reserve and Tawau Hills Park. Smaller protected forest areas include Sepilok Orang Utan Sanctuary, Gomantong (famous for it’s limestone caves) and Ulu Dusun forest near Sandakan.

In recent years a number of studies in Borneo have ‘discovered’ unique plant and animal species including the ‘Pygmy Elephant’, the Rhinocerous, the Clouded Leopard and many other much smaller but no less important species. Of course the most famous of Borneo’s inhabitants are the charming Orang-utans and all of these animals can be found in these remaining protected rainforest areas.

The Rafflesia flower which is the largest flower in the world is found here in Kinabalu park and the indigenous orchids and pitcher plants are the subject of many studies and books.

There are also a number of Marine parks including Tunku Abdul Rahman Park near Kota Kinabalu, Turtle Islands Park, Tun Sakaran marine park , Pulau Tiga Park and the newest to be designated near Kudat - Tun Mustapha Park.

If you would like to do more research on the ecology of Borneo here are some interesting links. . . .

www.sabahparks.com.my  - Website of Sabah Parks Association

www.panda.org/about_wwf - Search the WWF website for lots of information on their projects in Sabah

www.orangutan.org.au - The Australian Orang Utan project based on the Kinabatangan River

http://www.catsg.org - A paper on a project to look at Bornean Wild Cats and Clouded Leopards

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